Animal Protein-Based Foaming Agents in Lightweight Concrete: Chemistry, Performance, and Innovation constro chem foaming agent
1. Origin, Structure, and Molecular Design
1.1 All-natural Resource and Biochemical Profile
(Animal Protein Frothing Agent)
Pet protein-based foaming agents are acquired largely from hydrolyzed keratin or collagen sourced from slaughterhouse byproducts such as hooves, horns, bones, and hides.
With regulated alkaline or enzymatic hydrolysis, these architectural healthy proteins are broken down right into amphiphilic polypeptides rich in amino acids like glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline, which possess both hydrophilic (– NH â‚‚,– COOH) and hydrophobic (aliphatic side chains) useful groups.
This twin fondness makes it possible for the particles to adsorb successfully at air– water interfaces during mechanical oygenation, lowering surface stress and supporting bubble formation– a crucial demand for creating consistent mobile concrete.
Unlike synthetic surfactants, pet healthy protein foaming agents are eco-friendly, non-toxic, and exhibit exceptional compatibility with Rose city cement systems as a result of their ionic nature and moderate pH buffering capacity.
The molecular weight distribution of the hydrolysate– generally in between 500 and 10,000 Da– directly influences foam stability, drain price, and bubble dimension, making process control during hydrolysis necessary for constant efficiency.
1.2 Foam Generation System and Microstructure Control
When thinned down with water (generally at proportions of 1:20 to 1:30) and introduced into a foam generator, the protein solution creates a viscoelastic film around entrained air bubbles under high-shear conditions.
This film resists coalescence and Ostwald ripening– the diffusion-driven growth of bigger bubbles at the expense of smaller ones– by forming a mechanically robust interfacial layer enhanced through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions.
The resulting foam exhibits high development proportions (generally 15– 25:1) and low water drainage prices (
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1. Origin, Structure, and Molecular Design 1.1 All-natural Resource and Biochemical Profile (Animal Protein Frothing Agent) Pet protein-based foaming agents are acquired largely from hydrolyzed keratin or collagen sourced from slaughterhouse byproducts such as hooves, horns, bones, and hides. With regulated alkaline or enzymatic hydrolysis, these architectural healthy proteins are broken down right into amphiphilic…